Family CN: Fumitory Family Family Code: FUMARI Family Parent: [in RANUNCULALES] Family Authority: A.P. de Candolle 1821 Summary: This family includes 15-20 genera and 500-600 species, herbs, mostly north temperate. The Fumariaceae are often now subsumed into the Papaveraceae and separated as subfamilies (Lidén 1981, 1986; Lidén et al. 1997; Judd, Sanders, & Donoghue 1994), but the option remains to recognize the two monophyletic clades as families: Papaveracaeae s.s. and Fumariaceae. The placement of Pteridophyllum (especially) and Hypecoum in their own families or basal in either Papaveraceae or Fumariaceae remains unsettled. Reference: Pérez-Gutiérrez et al. (2012, 2015); Wang et al. (2009); Stern in FNA (1997); Hill (1992); Lidén (1986, 1981); Lidén et al. (1997); Lidén in Kubitzki, Rohwer, & Bittrich (1993). Last Updated: 2020-01-01 Publish: 1